Disconfirmation of expectation model Essay Example

Disconfirmation of expectation model Essay Example Disconfirmation of expectation model Paper Disconfirmation of expectation model Paper A customer went Into a restaurant what require her driven a long distance and waited 15 minutes for a table. She expected it to be good. However, the restaurant was dirty, the table service was poor and the high-price meal was overcooked. Dissatisfaction felt by this customer because the restaurants service performance was not as good as what the customer expected, then there was a negative discrimination between expectations and perceptions which causes dissatisfaction. Nowadays, food industry is rapidly growing. In such competitive industry, those with more important in attracting customers satisfaction from different aspects. In discrimination model, People use standards of assessment in Judging products or service such as predictive, desires, need and norms (Spring, 2003). And company use this to measure customer satisfaction. Lovelace describes that Expectancy- Discrimination Paradigm has two famous variables that are expectation and perceived performance. They are defended for two distinct time periods. Expectation is related to the pre purchase time period that customer has initial expectation about pacific performance. For example, customer expected the restaurant has good table service. Perceived performance is related to the after purchase time period that once the product or service has been used, outcomes the customer had. For instance, the meal was overcook in that restaurant. The different between expectation and perceived experience Is termed as discrimination of expectation. As the result of difference between expectation and perceived experience, discrimination of expectation can be positive or negative. Oliver (1980) proposed hat a customer is satisfied or dissatisfied depend on the positive or negative difference between expectations and perceptions. In other words, when perceived performance Is better than what the customer desire, the positive discrimination occurs. For example, customer are happy when the restaurants meals are delicious and the seats are comfortable. When perceived performance is as expected, confirmation occurs. In contrast, when perceived performance is not as good as what the customer desire or expected, negative discrimination occurs. Customer are experimented when the table service is rude and the foods are terrible. Moreover, according to the research, Spring (2003) showed that there are two methods- Delete Difference Model (ADAM) and Direct Effects Model (DEEM), that worked well In measuring discrimination of customers expectation and desire. For example, the restaurant delivery of right meals in the right time with the right quality is a good way to attracting the customers satisfaction. At this time, restaurant can use ADAM method to measure customers expectation accurately. Recommendations ROR expectations and actual product performance.

Find the Anode and Cathode of a Galvanic Cell

Find the Anode and Cathode of a Galvanic Cell ​Anodes and cathodes are the endpoints or terminals of a device that produces electrical current. Electrical current runs from the positively charged terminal to the negatively charged terminal. The cathode is the terminal that attracts cations, or positive ions. To attract the cations, the terminal must be negatively charged. Electrical current is the amount of charge that passes a fixed point per unit time. The direction of the current flow is the direction in which a positive charge flows. Electrons are negatively charged and move in the opposite direction of the current. In a galvanic cell, the current is produced by connecting an oxidation reaction to a reduction reaction in an electrolyte solution. Oxidation and reduction reactions or redox reactions are chemical reactions involving a transfer of electrons from one atom in the reaction to another. When two different oxidation or reduction reactions are connected electrically, a current is formed. The direction depends on the type of reaction taking place at the terminal.Reduction reactions involve the gain of electrons. Electrons are needed to fuel the reaction and pull these electrons from the electrolyte. Since electrons are attracted to the reduction site and current flows opposite the flow of electrons, current flows away from the reduction site. Since current flows from the cathode to the anode, the reduction site is the cathode.Oxidation reactions involve the loss of electrons. As the reaction progresses, the oxidation terminal loses electrons to the electrolyte. The negative charge moves awa y from the oxidation site. The positive current moves towards the oxidation site, against the flow of electrons. Since current flows to the anode, the oxidation site is the anode of the cell. Keeping Anode and Cathode Straight On a commercial battery, the anode and cathode are clearly marked (- for anode and for cathode). Sometimes only the () terminal is marked. On a battery, the bumpy side is () and the smooth side is (-). If youre setting up a galvanic cell, youll need to keep the redox reaction in mind to identify the electrodes. Anode: positively charged terminal - oxidation reactionCathode: negatively charged terminal - reduction reactionThere are a couple mnemonics that can help you remember the details.To remember the charge: Caions are attracted to the Cahode (the t is a plus sign)To remember which reaction occurs at which terminal: An Ox and Red Cat - Anode Oxidation, Reduction Cathode Remember, the concept of electrical current was defined back before scientists understood the nature of positive and negative charges, so it was set up for the direction a () charge would move. In metals and other conductive materials, its actually the electrons or (-) charges that move. You can think of it as holes of positive charge. In an electrochemical cell, its just as likely cations will move as anions (in fact, both are probably moving at the same time).